Saturday, 30 April 2011
Introducing the 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid
NEW YORK, March 31, 2010 – Lincoln today introduces its first hybrid – the new 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid – a premium midsize car poised to be the most fuel-efficient luxury sedan in America. Ford Motor Company – America's largest domestic hybrid seller – is further broadening its aggressive electrification plan and second generation of hybrid technology with the new Lincoln MKZ Hybrid. The vehicle is revealed today at the New York International Auto Show.
"Lincoln's hallmarks are design, technology and comfort. Now, Lincoln also delivers the best fuel efficiency of any luxury sedan in America," said Mark Fields, Ford's president of The Americas. Lincoln's first-ever hybrid is expected to deliver at least 41 miles per gallon in the city when it goes on sale this fall.
The new premium midsize sedan hybrid joins Ford Motor Company's growing lineup of hybrids, including the Ford Fusion Hybrid – 2010 North American Car of the Year and America's most fuel-efficient sedan – plus the Ford Escape Hybrid and Mercury Milan and Mariner Hybrids.
Introduction of the new Lincoln MKZ Hybrid also complements Ford's aggressive global electrification plan. Ford is introducing five new electrified vehicles by 2013. They include the Transit Connect Electric in late 2010, the Focus Electric in 2011, a next-generation hybrid electric vehicle and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) in 2012, followed by another next-generation hybrid electric vehicle in 2013.
The Lincoln MKZ Hybrid's projected fuel economy tops its nearest competitor – the 2010 Lexus HS 250h – by 6 mpg. It also trumps the Lexus with room for one more passenger and more standard luxury and segment-exclusive safety features.
"Today's luxury customers do not want to make sacrifices. Lincoln has found a way to deliver a luxury sedan with the comforts they expect, the technology they want and the environmental responsibility society demands," said Derrick Kuzak, Ford's group vice president, Global Product Development.
The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid uses Ford's second-generation hybrid technology – the 2.5-liter Atkinson-cycle I-4 hybrid engine, named one of Ward's 2010 "10 Best Engines." The system combines the best attributes of the gasoline engine and electric battery-driven motors to deliver optimal performance and fuel economy.
Industry-leading fuel economy comes without sacrificing power. The combined gasoline engine and electric motor provide 191 net horsepower. Plus, the pure electric mode on the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid extends to 47 mph – compared with the Lexus HS 250h battery-only mode, which reaches just 25 mph.
More standard luxury
The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid comes standard with features and technologies that are either not offered on the Lexus HS 250h or are available only at an extra cost. They include:
SmartGauge with EcoGuide – Ford's highly successful interactive technology provides real-time information to help drivers maximize fuel efficiency, and coaches drivers on how to optimize hybrid performance. Lincoln takes SmartGauge to the next level of engagement by giving drivers enhanced positive feedback on long-term fuel efficiency and driving performance through the "growth" of virtual small flowers on the system's right-most screen. Lincoln's white flowers, inspired by apple blossoms, remain permanently unless long-term fuel economy is reset.
Lincoln SYNC® – The Lincoln-exclusive voice-activated communications and entertainment system provides an omnipresent link to contacts and information. In addition to Bluetooth® phone, audible text and MP3 player capabilities, Lincoln customers also can access Vehicle Health Report and 911 Assist™.
10-Way Power Passenger Seat – This seat is designed to accommodate a diverse group of passengers. Memory functions enable passengers to fine-tune and recall their positions.
Power Driver Memory Seat Settings – The driver seat memory feature helps ensure personal seating preferences anytime, with the touch of a button.
Heated and Cooled Front Seats – This uniquely engineered system delivers exceptional heating and cooling comfort.
Genuine Wood Trim – In addition to their exquisite appearance, the Swirl Walnut and Olive Ash wood trims offered in the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid are eco-friendly as well. The veneers come from well-managed forests, as defined by strict environmental, social and economic standards, and from other rigorously controlled sources.
Reverse Sensing System – This system senses what drivers might not see behind them and relays an audible alert if objects are near, which increases in frequency the closer a driver gets.
Keyless Entry Keypad – This Lincoln-exclusive feature provides secure entry at a driver's fingertips. A personal combination holds a memory for driver preferences. So if an owner is out for a run and doesn't want to take the keys along, the vehicle can be opened with the touch of a few buttons.
Easy Fuel® Capless Fuel-Filler – This Lincoln-exclusive feature uses an integrated spring-loaded flapper door to eliminate the need for a fuel tank screw cap. That means no more fumbling to remove and tighten the cap and less fuel odor on a driver's hands at the pump.
Personal Safety System™ – A Lincoln-exclusive suite of seven protection technologies works together as a system to help protect vehicle occupants. The system includes dual-stage front air bags and an occupant classification system to sense whether the passenger seat is occupied. It tailors – or suppresses – air bag deployment to help provide an appropriate level of protection. It also features the Ford Belt-Minder® system to remind front-seat occupants to buckle up.
MyKey™ – This Lincoln-exclusive feature allows parents to program a key to limit speed and audio volume to encourage teens to drive safer and improve fuel efficiency. It also encourages seat belt usage, provides earlier low-fuel warnings, and can be programmed to sound chimes at 45, 55 and 65 mph.
Integrated Spotter Mirrors – The traditional side-view mirrors are designed with a secondary convex spotter mirror in the top outer corner, which provides a view of the driver's blind spot. When traffic enters the driver's blind spot on either side of the vehicle, it is visible in the secondary convex mirror, alerting the driver of obstacles.
Acoustic Laminated Windshield – This windshield features a layer of sound-absorbent vinyl sandwiched between two sheets of glass, which enhances interior quietness.
The Lincoln MKZ Hybrid also includes standard Bridge of Weir leather seats. The world-renowned luxury leather from Scotland is unembossed, allowing the natural beauty and character of the grain to shine through. The leather is milled for up to 12 hours to ensure a soft hand, and Bridge of Weir uses a chromium-free tanning process, which makes it easier to recycle.
http://hybridcar.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=768&Itemid=53
2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid
"Lincoln's hallmarks are design, technology and comfort. Now, Lincoln also delivers the best fuel efficiency of any luxury sedan in America," said Mark Fields, Ford's president of The Americas. Lincoln's first-ever hybrid is expected to deliver at least 41 miles per gallon in the city when it goes on sale this fall.
The new premium midsize sedan hybrid joins Ford Motor Company's growing lineup of hybrids, including the Ford Fusion Hybrid – 2010 North American Car of the Year and America's most fuel-efficient sedan – plus the Ford Escape Hybrid and Mercury Milan and Mariner Hybrids.
Introduction of the new Lincoln MKZ Hybrid also complements Ford's aggressive global electrification plan. Ford is introducing five new electrified vehicles by 2013. They include the Transit Connect Electric in late 2010, the Focus Electric in 2011, a next-generation hybrid electric vehicle and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) in 2012, followed by another next-generation hybrid electric vehicle in 2013.
The Lincoln MKZ Hybrid's projected fuel economy tops its nearest competitor – the 2010 Lexus HS 250h – by 6 mpg. It also trumps the Lexus with room for one more passenger and more standard luxury and segment-exclusive safety features.
"Today's luxury customers do not want to make sacrifices. Lincoln has found a way to deliver a luxury sedan with the comforts they expect, the technology they want and the environmental responsibility society demands," said Derrick Kuzak, Ford's group vice president, Global Product Development.
The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid uses Ford's second-generation hybrid technology – the 2.5-liter Atkinson-cycle I-4 hybrid engine, named one of Ward's 2010 "10 Best Engines." The system combines the best attributes of the gasoline engine and electric battery-driven motors to deliver optimal performance and fuel economy.
Industry-leading fuel economy comes without sacrificing power. The combined gasoline engine and electric motor provide 191 net horsepower. Plus, the pure electric mode on the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid extends to 47 mph – compared with the Lexus HS 250h battery-only mode, which reaches just 25 mph.
More standard luxury
The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid comes standard with features and technologies that are either not offered on the Lexus HS 250h or are available only at an extra cost. They include:
SmartGauge with EcoGuide – Ford's highly successful interactive technology provides real-time information to help drivers maximize fuel efficiency, and coaches drivers on how to optimize hybrid performance. Lincoln takes SmartGauge to the next level of engagement by giving drivers enhanced positive feedback on long-term fuel efficiency and driving performance through the "growth" of virtual small flowers on the system's right-most screen. Lincoln's white flowers, inspired by apple blossoms, remain permanently unless long-term fuel economy is reset.
Lincoln SYNC® – The Lincoln-exclusive voice-activated communications and entertainment system provides an omnipresent link to contacts and information. In addition to Bluetooth® phone, audible text and MP3 player capabilities, Lincoln customers also can access Vehicle Health Report and 911 Assist™.
10-Way Power Passenger Seat – This seat is designed to accommodate a diverse group of passengers. Memory functions enable passengers to fine-tune and recall their positions.
Power Driver Memory Seat Settings – The driver seat memory feature helps ensure personal seating preferences anytime, with the touch of a button.
Heated and Cooled Front Seats – This uniquely engineered system delivers exceptional heating and cooling comfort.
Genuine Wood Trim – In addition to their exquisite appearance, the Swirl Walnut and Olive Ash wood trims offered in the Lincoln MKZ Hybrid are eco-friendly as well. The veneers come from well-managed forests, as defined by strict environmental, social and economic standards, and from other rigorously controlled sources.
Reverse Sensing System – This system senses what drivers might not see behind them and relays an audible alert if objects are near, which increases in frequency the closer a driver gets.
Keyless Entry Keypad – This Lincoln-exclusive feature provides secure entry at a driver's fingertips. A personal combination holds a memory for driver preferences. So if an owner is out for a run and doesn't want to take the keys along, the vehicle can be opened with the touch of a few buttons.
Easy Fuel® Capless Fuel-Filler – This Lincoln-exclusive feature uses an integrated spring-loaded flapper door to eliminate the need for a fuel tank screw cap. That means no more fumbling to remove and tighten the cap and less fuel odor on a driver's hands at the pump.
Personal Safety System™ – A Lincoln-exclusive suite of seven protection technologies works together as a system to help protect vehicle occupants. The system includes dual-stage front air bags and an occupant classification system to sense whether the passenger seat is occupied. It tailors – or suppresses – air bag deployment to help provide an appropriate level of protection. It also features the Ford Belt-Minder® system to remind front-seat occupants to buckle up.
MyKey™ – This Lincoln-exclusive feature allows parents to program a key to limit speed and audio volume to encourage teens to drive safer and improve fuel efficiency. It also encourages seat belt usage, provides earlier low-fuel warnings, and can be programmed to sound chimes at 45, 55 and 65 mph.
Integrated Spotter Mirrors – The traditional side-view mirrors are designed with a secondary convex spotter mirror in the top outer corner, which provides a view of the driver's blind spot. When traffic enters the driver's blind spot on either side of the vehicle, it is visible in the secondary convex mirror, alerting the driver of obstacles.
Acoustic Laminated Windshield – This windshield features a layer of sound-absorbent vinyl sandwiched between two sheets of glass, which enhances interior quietness.
The Lincoln MKZ Hybrid also includes standard Bridge of Weir leather seats. The world-renowned luxury leather from Scotland is unembossed, allowing the natural beauty and character of the grain to shine through. The leather is milled for up to 12 hours to ensure a soft hand, and Bridge of Weir uses a chromium-free tanning process, which makes it easier to recycle.
http://hybridcar.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=768&Itemid=53
All-New 2011 Honda CR-Z Sport Hybrid Coupe to Start at $19,200
06/22/2010 - TORRANCE, Calif.The all-new 2011 Honda CR-Z sport hybrid coupe is set to debut at dealers on August 24, 2010, with a manufacturer’s suggested retail price (MSRP) starting at $19,200, plus a destination and handling charge1 of $750, American Honda Motor Co., Inc., announced today.
Developed as a stylish, driver-focused vehicle with an emphasis on efficient performance, the all-new 2011 Honda CR-Z introduces a sleek two-passenger coupe design with quick, sporty handling to the gasoline-electric hybrid segment. A 1.5-liter i‑VTEC 4-cylinder engine works with Honda’s unique, compact and lightweight Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) system to supply both power and efficiency to the CR-Z. A sport-focused, six-speed manual transmission is a first for any mass-produced hybrid. An automatic Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) is available and includes steering wheel-mounted paddle shifters for manual-like gear-ratio control.
A new, exclusive 3-mode drive system allows the driver to configure the vehicle’s responsiveness for Sport, Normal or Econ (Economy) driving modes. Driver efficiency tools include Eco Assist™ and Eco Scoring, which together can help drivers find improvements to efficient driving styles, while also comparing economy achievements to previous trips as well as the life of the vehicle.
The CR-Z is available in two equipment grades – the well-equipped CR-Z (base) and the feature-rich CR-Z EX. Standard features on the CR-Z include an AM/FM/CD/USB audio system with six speakers, automatic climate control, power windows and door locks, remote entry, cruise control, and more.
The CR-Z EX adds a 360-watt AM/FM/CD high-power audio system with seven speakers – including a subwoofer – Bluetooth® HandsFreeLink®, leather-wrapped steering wheel and more. The CR-Z EX is available with the Honda Satellite-Linked Navigation System™ with Voice Recognition2.
The CR-Z demonstrates the Honda commitment to safety in the vehicle’s design and construction. The Advanced Compatibility Engineering™ (ACE™) body structure is designed to help protect vehicle occupants in a frontal collision. Additional safety technologies include Vehicle Stability Assist™ (VSA®); standard dual-stage, multiple-threshold front airbags; standard front-side airbags with passenger-side Occupant Position Detection System (OPDS); side-curtain airbags; active head restraints; an anti-lock braking system; a tire pressure monitoring system; and a pedestrian injury mitigation design in the front of the vehicle.
Additional media information, including detailed pricing features and high-resolution photography of the 2011 Honda CR-Z, is available at www.hondanews.com. Consumer information is available at automobiles.honda.com.
1 MSRP excluding tax, license, registration, $750.00 destination charge and options. Dealer prices may vary.
2 The Honda Satellite-Linked Navigation System™ is available on the CR-Z EX model in the United States, except Alaska. Please see the navigation system manual for details.
3 Based on 2011 EPA mileage estimates, reflecting new EPA fuel economy methods beginning with 2008 models. Use for comparison purposes only. Do not compare to models before 2008. Your actual mileage will vary depending on how you drive and maintain your vehicle. http://hybridcar.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=781&Itemid=53
2011 Honda CR-Z sport hybrid coupe
A new, exclusive 3-mode drive system allows the driver to configure the vehicle’s responsiveness for Sport, Normal or Econ (Economy) driving modes. Driver efficiency tools include Eco Assist™ and Eco Scoring, which together can help drivers find improvements to efficient driving styles, while also comparing economy achievements to previous trips as well as the life of the vehicle.
The CR-Z is available in two equipment grades – the well-equipped CR-Z (base) and the feature-rich CR-Z EX. Standard features on the CR-Z include an AM/FM/CD/USB audio system with six speakers, automatic climate control, power windows and door locks, remote entry, cruise control, and more.
The CR-Z EX adds a 360-watt AM/FM/CD high-power audio system with seven speakers – including a subwoofer – Bluetooth® HandsFreeLink®, leather-wrapped steering wheel and more. The CR-Z EX is available with the Honda Satellite-Linked Navigation System™ with Voice Recognition2.
The CR-Z demonstrates the Honda commitment to safety in the vehicle’s design and construction. The Advanced Compatibility Engineering™ (ACE™) body structure is designed to help protect vehicle occupants in a frontal collision. Additional safety technologies include Vehicle Stability Assist™ (VSA®); standard dual-stage, multiple-threshold front airbags; standard front-side airbags with passenger-side Occupant Position Detection System (OPDS); side-curtain airbags; active head restraints; an anti-lock braking system; a tire pressure monitoring system; and a pedestrian injury mitigation design in the front of the vehicle.
| EPA3 MPG | |||
| Model | Transmission | MSRP1 | City/Hwy/Combined |
| CR-Z | 6-Speed Manual | $19,200 | 31/37/34 |
| CR-Z | CVT | $19,850 | 35/39/37 |
| CR-Z EX | 6-Speed Manual | $20,760 | 31/37/34 |
| CR-Z EX | CVT | $21,410 | 35/39/37 |
| CR-Z EX with Navi | 6-Speed Manual | $22,560 | 31/37/34 |
| CR-Z EX with Navi | CVT | $23,210 | 35/39/37 |
1 MSRP excluding tax, license, registration, $750.00 destination charge and options. Dealer prices may vary.
2 The Honda Satellite-Linked Navigation System™ is available on the CR-Z EX model in the United States, except Alaska. Please see the navigation system manual for details.
3 Based on 2011 EPA mileage estimates, reflecting new EPA fuel economy methods beginning with 2008 models. Use for comparison purposes only. Do not compare to models before 2008. Your actual mileage will vary depending on how you drive and maintain your vehicle. http://hybridcar.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=781&Itemid=53
The 2011 Lexus LS 600h L – Refinement and Performance
The Lexus LS 600h L sedan was the first vehicle to bring fuel-efficient gasoline-electric hybrid technology to the prestige luxury segment when it went on sale for the 2008 model year. After receiving revised styling and telematics systems for 2010, Lexus’ flagship hybrid sedan carries over virtually unchanged for 2011 with the exception of the discontinuation of the optional Active Stabilizer Suspension System and Truffle Mica exterior.
The LS 600h L – the “L” signifying the long-wheelbase LS platform -- provides the highest level of performance, technology and luxury in the LS line. The LS 600h L is powered by the ultra-quiet Lexus Hybrid Drive system, which was the world's first to combine a V8 gasoline engine with an all-wheel-drive (AWD) hybrid drivetrain.
Engine/Transmission/Drivetrain/Performance
The LS 600h L hybrid powertrain system uniquely combines a 5.0-liter V8 gasoline engine with two powerful electric motors and a large-capacity battery pack. The hybrid powertrain generates a peak combined output rating of 438 horsepower and can effortlessly accelerate the LS 600h L from zero-to-60 mph in just 5.5 seconds. Mid-range acceleration is even more impressive. The system's electric motor is capable of delivering maximum torque on demand and is most beneficial during passing maneuvers. The LS 600h L can accelerate from 50-70 mph in just 3.5 seconds.
The innovative V8 features an electric motor-driven Variable Valve Timing with intelligence (VVT-i) and Electrically controlled intake cam (VVT-iE). The combination of VVT-iE and oil pressure-controlled VVT-i for the exhaust cam provides superior engine-startup operation and high-output performance. A specially developed Hydrocarbon Absorber and Catalyst System is linked to the two-way exhaust to help prevent hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust from being released into the atmosphere during cold start up when the catalysts are not up to temperature.
The LS 600h L also meets the Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle II (SULEV II) certification. The super-low noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) levels in the LS 600h L make it one of the quietest automobiles ever built. The LS 600h L is a full hybrid, capable of operating in electric-only mode or with a combination of the gas engine and electric motor. Lexus hybrid technology allows electric-mode-only operation when certain conditions are met at low speeds or stop-and-go driving conditions, reducing fuel consumption and noise.
A compact 288-volt DC Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) battery pack is installed behind the rear seat. The battery's power is directed through a boost converter that efficiently raises voltage to a maximum 650V DC. An inverter changes this to AC, providing its elevated power to a 165-kW electric motor that turns at up to 10,240 rpm. The trunk also contains a 12-volt auxiliary battery that powers the audio, navigation, and other systems.
The LS 600h L powertrain uses two motor generators: MG1 and MG2. Each performs specific functions and can operate as either a motor or a generator, although MG1 is used as a starter motor and provides no motive force. The engine-driven generator, MG1, can charge the battery pack or provide additional power to the drive motor, MG2, as needed. A regenerative-braking system further boosts efficiency.
When the vehicle is coasting or the brakes are applied, the electric motors function as generators, capturing kinetic energy that would normally be lost as heat through the brakes and transforming it into useable electricity to recharge the batteries. A state-of-the-art, full-time all-wheel drive system adapts to road surface conditions to help provide vehicle control during acceleration, and cornering.
The AWD system employs a compact, ultra-quiet transfer case equipped with a TORSEN® limited-slip differential (LSD) that is 30 percent lighter in size and weight than previous TORSEN systems.The LSD provides rear biased torque distribution of 40:60 during normal straight-line driving, automatically and continually adjusting power distribution according to changing speed and road conditions.
An eight-speed sequential braking mode, activated when the shift lever is in the “S” position, allows eight different stages of response. When up-shifting, engine speed is controlled by the selected range, offering an exhilarating boost in acceleration during each of the eight “shift” stages. When downshifting, brake-force increases to provide powerful deceleration.
The driver can select "Hybrid" (Normal), "Power," or "Snow" modes to change the rate of throttle opening for a given throttle-pedal angle. The Hybrid mode provides the smoothest operation and is ideal for city or suburban driving; Power sharpens accelerator pedal response and Snow mode softens accelerator pedal response, making it easier to accelerate on slippery road surfaces. By pushing an EV switch, power reverts to full electric mode for short-distance, low-speed driving situations such as residential areas or parking garages.
Chassis/Body/Suspension/Tires/Brakes
Multi-link front and rear air-suspension systems help maintain superb vehicle posture and driving performance while maintaining the ultra-comfortable ride that is synonymous with all Lexus vehicles.
The LS 600h L is equipped with large front- and rear-ventilated disc brakes and standard 19-inch, seven-spoke aluminum alloy wheels with all-season tires. These special wheels receive extensive buffing.
Electronic Power Steering (EPS) delivers a smooth steering feel and reduces parasitic losses. Variable Gear Ratio Steering (VGRS) optimizes the steering gear ratio according to vehicle speed, enhancing responsiveness and driver control.
Networked with the Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) system, VGRS can make minor adjustments to the front-wheel angle to help provide control in challenging road conditions.
Safety/Security Features
The VDIM system incorporates and manages all of the car’s dynamic handling sub-systems, including: Electronically Controlled Brake (ECB) system, EPS, Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Antilock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) and engine torque via the electronically controlled throttle. Monitoring a variety of sensors, the system anticipates the onset of a vehicle skid or slide while cornering, and helps correct the situation with a combination of braking, throttle and steering control in a way that is essentially transparent to the driver. VSC can be turned off if desired via the Trac Off button for certain inclement conditions.
In addition to the active safety features, the LS 600h L is standard-equipped with eight airbags, with a maximum of 11 airbags available through option packages. The world’s first low-beam LED headlamps provide superior road illumination, and the standard Adaptive Front-lighting System (AFS) helps to illuminate a turn or curve as the driver steers into it.
The available Advanced Pre-Collision System (APCS) was the world's first system designed to detect and react to pedestrians in the vehicle's path when it debuted on the 2009 Pebble Beach® Edition LS 600h L. This system is available for the LS 600h L (and the LS 460 models) with Lane Keep Assist. Using two small cameras mounted at the front of the car that work in conjunction with millimeter-wave radar, APCS is sensitive enough to detect certain nonmetallic objects.
As part of APCS, the LS also offers the Driver Attention Monitor System, which was another world first. A third camera, mounted on the steering column, monitors the orientation of the driver's face.
If the camera detects that it appears the driver is not looking directly ahead for a few seconds or more, and if an obstacle is detected ahead, then it alerts the driver, first with a warning chime and a flashing light. As the car gets closer to the obstacle, APCS can begin to gently apply the brakes on its own.
To help assist the driver in maneuvering around the obstacle, the system reprograms the steering ratio, amplifying the intensity and quickness of the steering response. At the same time, APCS automatically retracts the front seatbelts and prepares the brake system to respond with full force when activated by the driver in anticipation of a possible impact.
Luxury/Comfort/Convenience
The LS 600h L is based on the long-wheelbase LS chassis, providing nearly five inches more legroom than the standard LS 460 model. This flagship sedan provides the highest level of comfort and convenience features in the LS series. Standard features include a hard disk drive (HDD) Lexus Navigation system with a back-up camera, Bluetooth® phonebook download capability, Voice Command casual language voice-recognition system, and an integrated XM Radio receiver.
For theater-level entertainment, the LS 600h L features a standard 19-speaker 450-watt Mark Levinson® Reference Surround Sound audio system. An auxiliary jack located in the front center console allows for MP3 digital music players while a USB port allows for iPod® connectivity. The audio system also features Bluetooth streaming audio.
Additional standard features include climate-controlled front seats; a driver’s seat that features a standard slide-away feature that makes ingress/egress more comfortable; heated rear seats; a heated steering wheel; power rear sunshade; one-touch open/close power trunk; power door closers; headlamp washers; SmartAccess with push-button start and card key; electronic parking brake; Intuitive Park Assist; and laminated side glass. Intelligent High Beams adjust their brightness in response to oncoming vehicles.
The Cold Weather Package is also standard and features a windshield deicer, upgraded battery and more efficient heater. The LS 600h L also has the Advanced Parking Guidance System (APGS) which is designed to assist with parallel and back-in parking. Once the driver has correctly positioned the car and identified the desired parking spot via the navigation screen, APGS utilizes the rear back-up camera parking sonar sensors and electric power steering system to guide the car into the space, while the driver controls speed via braking.
Luxury Options
The optional Premium Package II includes butterfly rear headrests; driver’s side rear seat with lumbar massage; rear climate controlled power seats with memory and power headrests; rear seat-mounted side airbags; a rear heater control panel; four-zone climate control; rear audio controls; additional wood trim; rear air purifier; rear headliner and side air ducts; power rear-door sunshades; and a rear seat entertainment system equipped with a power ceiling-mounted nine-inch screen for DVD viewing. The available Executive Class Seating Package II includes all features in the Premium Package II and adds a power passenger’s side rear seat with ottoman. The seat reclines up to 45 degrees with an upper-back recliner featuring a 17-degree angle adjustment. A multi-function massage feature for the passenger’s side rear seat recliner can be used separately or in conjunction with the seat heater and cooler.
The package also includes a rear-seat wood-trimmed table, and the rear-seat entertainment system features a rear DVD player and wireless headphones. The rear climate control is upgraded with an infrared sensor located in the headliner that measures lap, upper body and seat surface temperatures on each side and adjusts airflow accordingly.
The LS 600h L also offers a telematics system, Lexus Enform® with Safety Connect®, available by subscription (complimentary one-year trial subscription included). The Lexus Enform and the Safety Connect response centers operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week—every day of the year.
The LS hybrid is factory ready for subscriptions to a variety of innovative XM services including XM NavTraffic®, XM NavWeather™ and XM Sports and Stocks services. XM services require separate XM subscriptions. The XM Sports and Stocks service is included with an XM Radio subscription. All XM services offer complimentary 90-day trial subscriptions.
Exterior Design
The LS 600h L flagship hybrid luxury sedan showcases the brand’s L-finesse design philosophy, revealing a family resemblance that conveys elegance, refinement and a strong emotional appeal. Minimal body gaps, a low front grille and deep-drawn fenders all contribute to the car's distinctive, muscular profile. Lexus’ attention to detail is seen in the integrated dual chrome exhaust tips and the one-piece chrome window surround.
Projector-type headlamps with blue crystal rings, which introduced the world's first nighttime LED low beams, help provide excellent visibility and contribute to the design theme. Blue accents on the headlamps, badging, engine cover and the SmartAccess key fobs and Smart Card key are unique to the LS 600h L – as are the blue-tinted taillamps.
Interior Design
Passenger space and comfort were the primary focus of the interior cabin design. Genuine semi-aniline leather is featured throughout the cabin, its rich appearance softened and structured with additional stitching to create a relaxed atmosphere. The leather trim extends beyond the seats and onto the instrument panel, upper front doors and door armrests.
An Alcantara® headliner adds a pleasing touch point, and the center console is placed at the same height as the door armrests to enhance comfort and convenience. Additional luxury touches unique to the LS 600h L include a wood-trimmed and chrome-plated shift knob and wood-trimmed assist grips.
Warranty
All new Lexus vehicles come with a 48-month/50,000-mile basic limited warranty with roadside assistance for 48 months/unlimited miles. Powertrain and restraint system coverage is provided for 72 months/70,000 miles. Corrosion perforation protection is covered for 72 months, regardless of mileage. The hybrid-related components, including the HV battery, battery control module, hybrid control module and inverter with converter, are covered for eight years/100,000 mileshttp://hybridcar.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=786&Itemid=53
LS 600h L Hybrid
The LS 600h L – the “L” signifying the long-wheelbase LS platform -- provides the highest level of performance, technology and luxury in the LS line. The LS 600h L is powered by the ultra-quiet Lexus Hybrid Drive system, which was the world's first to combine a V8 gasoline engine with an all-wheel-drive (AWD) hybrid drivetrain.
Engine/Transmission/Drivetrain/Performance
The LS 600h L hybrid powertrain system uniquely combines a 5.0-liter V8 gasoline engine with two powerful electric motors and a large-capacity battery pack. The hybrid powertrain generates a peak combined output rating of 438 horsepower and can effortlessly accelerate the LS 600h L from zero-to-60 mph in just 5.5 seconds. Mid-range acceleration is even more impressive. The system's electric motor is capable of delivering maximum torque on demand and is most beneficial during passing maneuvers. The LS 600h L can accelerate from 50-70 mph in just 3.5 seconds.
The innovative V8 features an electric motor-driven Variable Valve Timing with intelligence (VVT-i) and Electrically controlled intake cam (VVT-iE). The combination of VVT-iE and oil pressure-controlled VVT-i for the exhaust cam provides superior engine-startup operation and high-output performance. A specially developed Hydrocarbon Absorber and Catalyst System is linked to the two-way exhaust to help prevent hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust from being released into the atmosphere during cold start up when the catalysts are not up to temperature.
The LS 600h L also meets the Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle II (SULEV II) certification. The super-low noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) levels in the LS 600h L make it one of the quietest automobiles ever built. The LS 600h L is a full hybrid, capable of operating in electric-only mode or with a combination of the gas engine and electric motor. Lexus hybrid technology allows electric-mode-only operation when certain conditions are met at low speeds or stop-and-go driving conditions, reducing fuel consumption and noise.
A compact 288-volt DC Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) battery pack is installed behind the rear seat. The battery's power is directed through a boost converter that efficiently raises voltage to a maximum 650V DC. An inverter changes this to AC, providing its elevated power to a 165-kW electric motor that turns at up to 10,240 rpm. The trunk also contains a 12-volt auxiliary battery that powers the audio, navigation, and other systems.
The LS 600h L powertrain uses two motor generators: MG1 and MG2. Each performs specific functions and can operate as either a motor or a generator, although MG1 is used as a starter motor and provides no motive force. The engine-driven generator, MG1, can charge the battery pack or provide additional power to the drive motor, MG2, as needed. A regenerative-braking system further boosts efficiency.
When the vehicle is coasting or the brakes are applied, the electric motors function as generators, capturing kinetic energy that would normally be lost as heat through the brakes and transforming it into useable electricity to recharge the batteries. A state-of-the-art, full-time all-wheel drive system adapts to road surface conditions to help provide vehicle control during acceleration, and cornering.
The AWD system employs a compact, ultra-quiet transfer case equipped with a TORSEN® limited-slip differential (LSD) that is 30 percent lighter in size and weight than previous TORSEN systems.The LSD provides rear biased torque distribution of 40:60 during normal straight-line driving, automatically and continually adjusting power distribution according to changing speed and road conditions.
An eight-speed sequential braking mode, activated when the shift lever is in the “S” position, allows eight different stages of response. When up-shifting, engine speed is controlled by the selected range, offering an exhilarating boost in acceleration during each of the eight “shift” stages. When downshifting, brake-force increases to provide powerful deceleration.
The driver can select "Hybrid" (Normal), "Power," or "Snow" modes to change the rate of throttle opening for a given throttle-pedal angle. The Hybrid mode provides the smoothest operation and is ideal for city or suburban driving; Power sharpens accelerator pedal response and Snow mode softens accelerator pedal response, making it easier to accelerate on slippery road surfaces. By pushing an EV switch, power reverts to full electric mode for short-distance, low-speed driving situations such as residential areas or parking garages.
Chassis/Body/Suspension/Tires/Brakes
Multi-link front and rear air-suspension systems help maintain superb vehicle posture and driving performance while maintaining the ultra-comfortable ride that is synonymous with all Lexus vehicles.
The LS 600h L is equipped with large front- and rear-ventilated disc brakes and standard 19-inch, seven-spoke aluminum alloy wheels with all-season tires. These special wheels receive extensive buffing.
Electronic Power Steering (EPS) delivers a smooth steering feel and reduces parasitic losses. Variable Gear Ratio Steering (VGRS) optimizes the steering gear ratio according to vehicle speed, enhancing responsiveness and driver control.
Networked with the Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) system, VGRS can make minor adjustments to the front-wheel angle to help provide control in challenging road conditions.
Safety/Security Features
The VDIM system incorporates and manages all of the car’s dynamic handling sub-systems, including: Electronically Controlled Brake (ECB) system, EPS, Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Antilock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) and engine torque via the electronically controlled throttle. Monitoring a variety of sensors, the system anticipates the onset of a vehicle skid or slide while cornering, and helps correct the situation with a combination of braking, throttle and steering control in a way that is essentially transparent to the driver. VSC can be turned off if desired via the Trac Off button for certain inclement conditions.
In addition to the active safety features, the LS 600h L is standard-equipped with eight airbags, with a maximum of 11 airbags available through option packages. The world’s first low-beam LED headlamps provide superior road illumination, and the standard Adaptive Front-lighting System (AFS) helps to illuminate a turn or curve as the driver steers into it.
The available Advanced Pre-Collision System (APCS) was the world's first system designed to detect and react to pedestrians in the vehicle's path when it debuted on the 2009 Pebble Beach® Edition LS 600h L. This system is available for the LS 600h L (and the LS 460 models) with Lane Keep Assist. Using two small cameras mounted at the front of the car that work in conjunction with millimeter-wave radar, APCS is sensitive enough to detect certain nonmetallic objects.
As part of APCS, the LS also offers the Driver Attention Monitor System, which was another world first. A third camera, mounted on the steering column, monitors the orientation of the driver's face.
If the camera detects that it appears the driver is not looking directly ahead for a few seconds or more, and if an obstacle is detected ahead, then it alerts the driver, first with a warning chime and a flashing light. As the car gets closer to the obstacle, APCS can begin to gently apply the brakes on its own.
To help assist the driver in maneuvering around the obstacle, the system reprograms the steering ratio, amplifying the intensity and quickness of the steering response. At the same time, APCS automatically retracts the front seatbelts and prepares the brake system to respond with full force when activated by the driver in anticipation of a possible impact.
Luxury/Comfort/Convenience
The LS 600h L is based on the long-wheelbase LS chassis, providing nearly five inches more legroom than the standard LS 460 model. This flagship sedan provides the highest level of comfort and convenience features in the LS series. Standard features include a hard disk drive (HDD) Lexus Navigation system with a back-up camera, Bluetooth® phonebook download capability, Voice Command casual language voice-recognition system, and an integrated XM Radio receiver.
For theater-level entertainment, the LS 600h L features a standard 19-speaker 450-watt Mark Levinson® Reference Surround Sound audio system. An auxiliary jack located in the front center console allows for MP3 digital music players while a USB port allows for iPod® connectivity. The audio system also features Bluetooth streaming audio.
Additional standard features include climate-controlled front seats; a driver’s seat that features a standard slide-away feature that makes ingress/egress more comfortable; heated rear seats; a heated steering wheel; power rear sunshade; one-touch open/close power trunk; power door closers; headlamp washers; SmartAccess with push-button start and card key; electronic parking brake; Intuitive Park Assist; and laminated side glass. Intelligent High Beams adjust their brightness in response to oncoming vehicles.
The Cold Weather Package is also standard and features a windshield deicer, upgraded battery and more efficient heater. The LS 600h L also has the Advanced Parking Guidance System (APGS) which is designed to assist with parallel and back-in parking. Once the driver has correctly positioned the car and identified the desired parking spot via the navigation screen, APGS utilizes the rear back-up camera parking sonar sensors and electric power steering system to guide the car into the space, while the driver controls speed via braking.
Luxury Options
The optional Premium Package II includes butterfly rear headrests; driver’s side rear seat with lumbar massage; rear climate controlled power seats with memory and power headrests; rear seat-mounted side airbags; a rear heater control panel; four-zone climate control; rear audio controls; additional wood trim; rear air purifier; rear headliner and side air ducts; power rear-door sunshades; and a rear seat entertainment system equipped with a power ceiling-mounted nine-inch screen for DVD viewing. The available Executive Class Seating Package II includes all features in the Premium Package II and adds a power passenger’s side rear seat with ottoman. The seat reclines up to 45 degrees with an upper-back recliner featuring a 17-degree angle adjustment. A multi-function massage feature for the passenger’s side rear seat recliner can be used separately or in conjunction with the seat heater and cooler.
The package also includes a rear-seat wood-trimmed table, and the rear-seat entertainment system features a rear DVD player and wireless headphones. The rear climate control is upgraded with an infrared sensor located in the headliner that measures lap, upper body and seat surface temperatures on each side and adjusts airflow accordingly.
The LS 600h L also offers a telematics system, Lexus Enform® with Safety Connect®, available by subscription (complimentary one-year trial subscription included). The Lexus Enform and the Safety Connect response centers operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week—every day of the year.
The LS hybrid is factory ready for subscriptions to a variety of innovative XM services including XM NavTraffic®, XM NavWeather™ and XM Sports and Stocks services. XM services require separate XM subscriptions. The XM Sports and Stocks service is included with an XM Radio subscription. All XM services offer complimentary 90-day trial subscriptions.
Exterior Design
The LS 600h L flagship hybrid luxury sedan showcases the brand’s L-finesse design philosophy, revealing a family resemblance that conveys elegance, refinement and a strong emotional appeal. Minimal body gaps, a low front grille and deep-drawn fenders all contribute to the car's distinctive, muscular profile. Lexus’ attention to detail is seen in the integrated dual chrome exhaust tips and the one-piece chrome window surround.
Projector-type headlamps with blue crystal rings, which introduced the world's first nighttime LED low beams, help provide excellent visibility and contribute to the design theme. Blue accents on the headlamps, badging, engine cover and the SmartAccess key fobs and Smart Card key are unique to the LS 600h L – as are the blue-tinted taillamps.
Interior Design
Passenger space and comfort were the primary focus of the interior cabin design. Genuine semi-aniline leather is featured throughout the cabin, its rich appearance softened and structured with additional stitching to create a relaxed atmosphere. The leather trim extends beyond the seats and onto the instrument panel, upper front doors and door armrests.
An Alcantara® headliner adds a pleasing touch point, and the center console is placed at the same height as the door armrests to enhance comfort and convenience. Additional luxury touches unique to the LS 600h L include a wood-trimmed and chrome-plated shift knob and wood-trimmed assist grips.
Warranty
All new Lexus vehicles come with a 48-month/50,000-mile basic limited warranty with roadside assistance for 48 months/unlimited miles. Powertrain and restraint system coverage is provided for 72 months/70,000 miles. Corrosion perforation protection is covered for 72 months, regardless of mileage. The hybrid-related components, including the HV battery, battery control module, hybrid control module and inverter with converter, are covered for eight years/100,000 mileshttp://hybridcar.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=786&Itemid=53
2011 Ford Escape and Escape Hybrid - Fun and Fuel-Efficient
The Ford Escape compact SUV has made fans of families across the country thanks to a host of features making it a willing travel companion for road trips and the daily grind alike. Now, fresh off its second-best sales year ever, the 2011 Escape brings a wide array of standard and available upgrades like HD Radio technology, offering free access to digital radio broadcasts across the country, and the Ford-exclusive SYNC® with Traffic, Directions & Information – helping reduce distractions while accessing important route and traffic information.
Music lovers will enjoy the addition of HD Radio technology, which enables more listening options and digital sound quality. No additional equipment or cost is involved: To use HD Radio, listeners simply tune in their favorite station. If the station is broadcasting with HD Radio technology, the system automatically picks up the signal and will transition to digital audio once decoded.
SYNC with Traffic, Directions & Information leverages industry-leading voice-recognition software, integrated GPS technology and a customer’s Bluetooth®-capable mobile phone. SYNC’s new applications provide simple hands-free access to personalized traffic reports, precise turn-by-turn driving directions, and up-to-date information including business listings, news, sports, and weather.
Innovations for Safe, Convenient Driving
Escape features Integrated Blind Spot Mirrors consisting of an outside rearview mirror designed with a secondary convex spotter in the top outer corner, which is aimed exclusively at the driver’s blind spot. When traffic enters the driver’s blind spot on either side of the vehicle, it is visible in the secondary convex mirror, helping provide the driver a broader peripheral view.
An available Rear View Camera System uses an exterior camera embedded in the rear of the vehicle that sends images to a video display in the rearview mirror or the navigation system screen, if equipped, to help enhance visibility directly behind the vehicle when it is in reverse. Ford is leveraging the affordability of high-quality video cameras to widely offer the technology.
To help encourage safe teen driving, Escape also comes standard with the Ford-exclusive MyKey system. Parents simply program the vehicle key through the message center to incorporate features such as:
Technology Improves Confidence while Parking, Driving
The class-exclusive Active Park Assist system uses sensors on the front and rear of the vehicle, working in conjunction with Electric Power Assist Steering (EPAS), to guide the vehicle into a parking space. Here’s how it works:
Using sensors, EPAS constantly measures the steering input applied by the driver to maintain the vehicle’s path; it continually resets to adapt to changing road conditions or the vehicle turning a corner. Ford’s pull-drift software technology gives the EPAS system the added ability to compensate for slight steering torque changes caused by environmental factors such as road crowning or steady crosswinds.
“If you’re on the expressway and the road is crowned to the left or right for better water drainage, for example, you may need to make a slight steering compensation for that crowning,” said Brian Kosztowny, Ford Vehicle Dynamics development engineer. “With Pull-Drift Compensation, the EPAS system gradually will dial in steering assist for easier steering in these conditions without the driver feeling it in his or her fingers or needing to make an extra effort. The electric motor does more, so you don’t have to.”
Maximizing Fuel Economy
Ford Escape continues to offer advanced powertrain options that maximize performance and fuel efficiency. Buyers can choose a 171-horsepower, 2.5-liter I-4 engine with Intake Variable Cam Timing (i-VCT) or an available 3.0-liter V-6 that produces 240 horsepower with i-VCT. A five-speed manual transmission is standard with the I-4 engine; I-4 buyers can also opt for the fuel-saving six-speed automatic transmission that’s standard on V-6 models.
Refined aerodynamics and low-rolling-resistance tires also enhance fuel economy while contributing to a quiet, refined cabin environment. The powertrain also incorporates electronic throttle control (ETC). This technology replaces the manual linkage between accelerator and throttle with a control unit that calculates the optimal throttle position from a number of sensors. ETC is a form of state-of-the-art, drive-by-wire technology.
Additionally, the EPAS system replaces the traditional hydraulic power steering pump. Because it operates only when required for steering assistance, it contributes to lower fuel consumption than a hydraulic pump, which operates whenever the engine is running.
Escape scores in both comfort and sustainability with their eco-friendly seats. The seats include soy-based foam that substitutes for petroleum-based products to conserve limited resources and reduce CO2 emissions. Eco-friendly seat fabrics made from 100 percent postindustrial recycled materials also are offered on Escape Hybrid.
The Escape Hybrid Limited is packaged for environmentally conscious buyers who still want a full complement of accessories and equipment. Along with its gas counterpart, the Escape Hybrid Limited features 16-inch bright machined aluminum wheels and exterior chrome accents, a standard six-speaker audio system, chrome and ebony interior touches and a luxury and convenience package that includes ambient lighting, heated front leather seating surfaces, a power moonroof, reverse sensing system, rearview camera and universal garage door opener.
Standard and available 2011 Ford Escape technology features include:
2011 Escape Hybrid
Music lovers will enjoy the addition of HD Radio technology, which enables more listening options and digital sound quality. No additional equipment or cost is involved: To use HD Radio, listeners simply tune in their favorite station. If the station is broadcasting with HD Radio technology, the system automatically picks up the signal and will transition to digital audio once decoded.
SYNC with Traffic, Directions & Information leverages industry-leading voice-recognition software, integrated GPS technology and a customer’s Bluetooth®-capable mobile phone. SYNC’s new applications provide simple hands-free access to personalized traffic reports, precise turn-by-turn driving directions, and up-to-date information including business listings, news, sports, and weather.
Innovations for Safe, Convenient Driving
Escape features Integrated Blind Spot Mirrors consisting of an outside rearview mirror designed with a secondary convex spotter in the top outer corner, which is aimed exclusively at the driver’s blind spot. When traffic enters the driver’s blind spot on either side of the vehicle, it is visible in the secondary convex mirror, helping provide the driver a broader peripheral view.
An available Rear View Camera System uses an exterior camera embedded in the rear of the vehicle that sends images to a video display in the rearview mirror or the navigation system screen, if equipped, to help enhance visibility directly behind the vehicle when it is in reverse. Ford is leveraging the affordability of high-quality video cameras to widely offer the technology.
To help encourage safe teen driving, Escape also comes standard with the Ford-exclusive MyKey system. Parents simply program the vehicle key through the message center to incorporate features such as:
- Limited top speed of 80 mph
- Traction control system that limits tire spin cannot be deactivated
- Audio system volume limited to 44 percent of maximum volume
- A speed alert chime at 45, 55 or 65 mph
Technology Improves Confidence while Parking, Driving
The class-exclusive Active Park Assist system uses sensors on the front and rear of the vehicle, working in conjunction with Electric Power Assist Steering (EPAS), to guide the vehicle into a parking space. Here’s how it works:
- The driver activates the system by pressing an instrument panel button, which activates the ultrasonic sensors to measure and identify a feasible parallel parking space
- The system then prompts the driver to accept the system assistance to park
- The steering system then takes over and steers the vehicle into the parking space hands-free. The driver still shifts the transmission and operates the gas and brake pedals
- A visual and/or audible driver interface advises the driver about the proximity of other vehicles, objects and people and provides instructions
- While the steering is all done automatically, the driver remains responsible for safe parking and can interrupt the system by grasping the steering wheel
Using sensors, EPAS constantly measures the steering input applied by the driver to maintain the vehicle’s path; it continually resets to adapt to changing road conditions or the vehicle turning a corner. Ford’s pull-drift software technology gives the EPAS system the added ability to compensate for slight steering torque changes caused by environmental factors such as road crowning or steady crosswinds.
“If you’re on the expressway and the road is crowned to the left or right for better water drainage, for example, you may need to make a slight steering compensation for that crowning,” said Brian Kosztowny, Ford Vehicle Dynamics development engineer. “With Pull-Drift Compensation, the EPAS system gradually will dial in steering assist for easier steering in these conditions without the driver feeling it in his or her fingers or needing to make an extra effort. The electric motor does more, so you don’t have to.”
Maximizing Fuel Economy
Ford Escape continues to offer advanced powertrain options that maximize performance and fuel efficiency. Buyers can choose a 171-horsepower, 2.5-liter I-4 engine with Intake Variable Cam Timing (i-VCT) or an available 3.0-liter V-6 that produces 240 horsepower with i-VCT. A five-speed manual transmission is standard with the I-4 engine; I-4 buyers can also opt for the fuel-saving six-speed automatic transmission that’s standard on V-6 models.
Refined aerodynamics and low-rolling-resistance tires also enhance fuel economy while contributing to a quiet, refined cabin environment. The powertrain also incorporates electronic throttle control (ETC). This technology replaces the manual linkage between accelerator and throttle with a control unit that calculates the optimal throttle position from a number of sensors. ETC is a form of state-of-the-art, drive-by-wire technology.
Additionally, the EPAS system replaces the traditional hydraulic power steering pump. Because it operates only when required for steering assistance, it contributes to lower fuel consumption than a hydraulic pump, which operates whenever the engine is running.
Escape scores in both comfort and sustainability with their eco-friendly seats. The seats include soy-based foam that substitutes for petroleum-based products to conserve limited resources and reduce CO2 emissions. Eco-friendly seat fabrics made from 100 percent postindustrial recycled materials also are offered on Escape Hybrid.
More Choices for Hybrid Buyers
Escape Hybrid for 2011 expects to continue its claim as America’s most fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly SUV, based on 2010 EPA estimates.
Hybrid models use a 2.5-liter I-4 designed to run on the Atkinson combustion cycle. An advanced engine processor enables nearly imperceptible transitions between gas and electric vehicle mode, and hybrid models also feature a powertrain damping system to reduce vibrations and feedback to the driver and other vehicle occupants.Escape Hybrid for 2011 expects to continue its claim as America’s most fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly SUV, based on 2010 EPA estimates.
The Escape Hybrid Limited is packaged for environmentally conscious buyers who still want a full complement of accessories and equipment. Along with its gas counterpart, the Escape Hybrid Limited features 16-inch bright machined aluminum wheels and exterior chrome accents, a standard six-speaker audio system, chrome and ebony interior touches and a luxury and convenience package that includes ambient lighting, heated front leather seating surfaces, a power moonroof, reverse sensing system, rearview camera and universal garage door opener.
Safety Technologies
Standard and available 2011 Ford Escape safety features include:
Standard and available 2011 Ford Escape safety features include:
- AdvanceTrac traction control with RSC (Roll Stability Control)
- Safety Canopy®, a side air curtain technology offering protection for the first and second seating rows
- Personal Safety System™, a suite of seven safety technologies, including dual-stage front air bags for the driver and front-seat passenger, side air bags and a front passenger sensor system
- MyKey programmable vehicle key
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
- LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tether anchors for CHildren) system on rear seating positions
Standard and available 2011 Ford Escape technology features include:
- SYNC voice-activated communications and entertainment system with Traffic, Directions & Information
- SIRIUS® Satellite Radio with an initial six-month subscription
- Electric Power Assist Steering (EPAS) with Pull-Drift Compensation
- Voice-Activated Navigation with SIRIUS Travel Link™ and HD Radio, including iTunes song-tagging ability
- Integrated Blind Spot Mirrors for better blind-spot visibility
- Rear View Camera System to aid rear visibility while backing up
- Active Park Assist automatic parallel parking system
- Easy Fuel® Capless Fuel-Filler System
- Ambient lighting allowing drivers to change interior lighting color palette
- Steering wheel audio controls
- 110V AC power outlet (Hybrid models only)
Ford Escape and Escape Hybrid are built at the Kansas City Assembly Plant in Kansas City, Mo.
Thursday, 28 April 2011
BMW Concept 7 Series Active Hybrid
World Premiere of the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid, which is part of BMW EfficientDynamics, the potential of BMW ActiveHybrid technology transfers for the first time in the segment of luxury sedans. In typical BMW expression combines the concept study, a significant reduction in fuel consumption and emissions with hybrid cars in this class of vehicle unprecedented driving dynamics.
The BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid a V8-cylinder petrol engine and an electric drive in a mild hybrid concept will be linked intelligently together. The drive concept of the study allows for improved driving dynamics while reducing fuel consumption and emissions by 15 percent in the EU test cycle compared to a vehicle with pure internal combustion engine. This requires the use of BMW ActiveHybrid technology no limitations on the practicality and the model-specific characteristics of a BMW 7 Series.
The concept study represents the combination of ride comfort, visual presence and sovereignty of a BMW 7 series with trend, efficiency-optimized drive technology by BMW ActiveHybrid technology. This implies the option to enrich by BMW Active Hybrid, the brand’s sheer driving pleasure at an additional facet. The implementation in a vehicle of this segment leads to a new perception of hybrid technology: In the configuration developed by BMW it causes significant efficiency gains efficiency without any renunciation, dynamics, safety and comfort.
The drive technology of the BMW Concept 7 Series Active Hybrid consists of a V8 petrol engine with Twin Turbo and High Precision Injection, based on the drive of the BMW 750i. There he has an output of 300 kW/407 hp and maximum torque of 600 Newton meters. Now it is combined with a fully integrated into the gear housing electric unit with a capacity of 15 kW and a torque of up to 210 Newton meters.
Under the mild hybrid concept increases the electric drive, the dynamic potential of the eight-cylinder gasoline engine in the character of the BMW 7 Series appropriate manner, by supporting the acceleration of the vehicle contributes. In addition, the electric unit is provided by brake energy regeneration current to supply the electrical loads on board. Thus, the direct conversion of fuel into electrical energy is minimized and maximized for conversion into driving dynamics available torque.
The V8 petrol engine is ideal for both driving dynamics and on efficiency-oriented vehicle concept. He is the world’s only eight-cylinder gasoline engine, the turbo charger to save space are arranged in the V-space between the cylinder banks, and also the most efficient engine in its class. Developed for the concept car hybrid components are based on a technology that is designed as part of the hybrid co-operation between BMW and Daimler. The hybrid co-operation successfully develops components for hybrid drives including power electronics and high-voltage batteries. The BMW-specific interpretation of the hybrid drive system is also protected.
The V8 petrol engine is ideal for both driving dynamics and on efficiency-oriented vehicle concept.
He is the world’s only eight-cylinder gasoline engine, the turbo charger to save space are arranged in the V-space between the cylinder banks, and also the most efficient engine in its class. Developed for the concept car hybrid components are based on a technology that is designed as part of the hybrid co-operation between BMW and Daimler. The hybrid co-operation successfully develops components for hybrid drives including power electronics and high-voltage batteries. The BMW-specific design of the hybrid drive system is also protected.
BMW ActiveHybrid is based on a modular principle which allows accordance with the strategy “Best of Hybrid” to integrate the optimum components for different vehicle segments. In the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid components used – mild hybrid transmission and eight-cylinder gasoline engine supplement – is just as ideal as full hybrid transmission and eight-cylinder petrol engine in the BMW Concept X6 Active Hybrid. The compact, replaced in the gearbox integrated e-conventional machine, directly from the engine-driven generator and the starter. Electrical energy is produced by Brake Energy Regeneration with a unique efficiency and high efficiency without impairing the drive torque of the motor.
The integrated power electronics enable unmatched compact and safe arrangement of the hybrid components. A powerful, integrated package-compliant in the luggage lithium-ion battery stores the energy generated and supplied the electrical system. Its high storage capacity enables the potential of regenerative braking system optimally. BMW Active Hybrid produces more electric power from less fuel.
With the increased electrical power available, additional vehicle functions are operated purely electrically. The Auto Start Stop function to prevent idling of the combustion engine in conjunction with Active Hybrid technology in a particularly convenient expression is available.
The BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid demonstrates the integration of BMW ActiveHybrid technology in a luxury sedan in the BMW 7 Series. All hybrid components are arranged package compliant. E-machine and power electronics – are not visible from outside – integrated into the gear housing. A specially designed hollow aluminum cargo space illustrates the compact design of the lithium-ion batteries.
The front of the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid shows the typical range for the natural presence, especially through the large, upright BMW kidney underlined. Sches specific feature of the concept vehicle is a whole over the width of the front-reaching aluminum strip below the flag carrier, the contributes as an air guide for optimizing the aerodynamics. The lower air intake is covered in the middle of Alumiumband. They are divided horizontally by the outwardly tapering foothills of Alumiumbands. At the outermost edges of the air intake vents are positioned fog lights, consisting of seven LED units.
In side view, the sporty and elegant lines of the BMW 7 Series is highlighted by 20-inch alloy wheels in V-spoke design. The rims are painted in body color. The painting of the vehicle and the rim in the color Blue Metallic Water serves as a recognition feature for particularly efficient concept cars from BMW.
At the rear of the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid symbolize a further air guide made of aluminum and exhaust tailpipes with new contours, the innovative drive concept. Analogous to the front end extends into the rear integrated aluminum strip over the entire vehicle width. At the same time it forms the upper frame of the outlets are arranged far outboard of the exhaust system. The strikingly broad and flat contour of the outlets wins by an additional horizontal brace a appearance.http://www.themhshow.com/bmw/bmw-concept-7-series-active-hybrid.html
The BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid a V8-cylinder petrol engine and an electric drive in a mild hybrid concept will be linked intelligently together. The drive concept of the study allows for improved driving dynamics while reducing fuel consumption and emissions by 15 percent in the EU test cycle compared to a vehicle with pure internal combustion engine. This requires the use of BMW ActiveHybrid technology no limitations on the practicality and the model-specific characteristics of a BMW 7 Series.
The concept study represents the combination of ride comfort, visual presence and sovereignty of a BMW 7 series with trend, efficiency-optimized drive technology by BMW ActiveHybrid technology. This implies the option to enrich by BMW Active Hybrid, the brand’s sheer driving pleasure at an additional facet. The implementation in a vehicle of this segment leads to a new perception of hybrid technology: In the configuration developed by BMW it causes significant efficiency gains efficiency without any renunciation, dynamics, safety and comfort.
The drive technology of the BMW Concept 7 Series Active Hybrid consists of a V8 petrol engine with Twin Turbo and High Precision Injection, based on the drive of the BMW 750i. There he has an output of 300 kW/407 hp and maximum torque of 600 Newton meters. Now it is combined with a fully integrated into the gear housing electric unit with a capacity of 15 kW and a torque of up to 210 Newton meters.
Under the mild hybrid concept increases the electric drive, the dynamic potential of the eight-cylinder gasoline engine in the character of the BMW 7 Series appropriate manner, by supporting the acceleration of the vehicle contributes. In addition, the electric unit is provided by brake energy regeneration current to supply the electrical loads on board. Thus, the direct conversion of fuel into electrical energy is minimized and maximized for conversion into driving dynamics available torque.
The V8 petrol engine is ideal for both driving dynamics and on efficiency-oriented vehicle concept. He is the world’s only eight-cylinder gasoline engine, the turbo charger to save space are arranged in the V-space between the cylinder banks, and also the most efficient engine in its class. Developed for the concept car hybrid components are based on a technology that is designed as part of the hybrid co-operation between BMW and Daimler. The hybrid co-operation successfully develops components for hybrid drives including power electronics and high-voltage batteries. The BMW-specific interpretation of the hybrid drive system is also protected.
The V8 petrol engine is ideal for both driving dynamics and on efficiency-oriented vehicle concept.
He is the world’s only eight-cylinder gasoline engine, the turbo charger to save space are arranged in the V-space between the cylinder banks, and also the most efficient engine in its class. Developed for the concept car hybrid components are based on a technology that is designed as part of the hybrid co-operation between BMW and Daimler. The hybrid co-operation successfully develops components for hybrid drives including power electronics and high-voltage batteries. The BMW-specific design of the hybrid drive system is also protected.
BMW ActiveHybrid is based on a modular principle which allows accordance with the strategy “Best of Hybrid” to integrate the optimum components for different vehicle segments. In the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid components used – mild hybrid transmission and eight-cylinder gasoline engine supplement – is just as ideal as full hybrid transmission and eight-cylinder petrol engine in the BMW Concept X6 Active Hybrid. The compact, replaced in the gearbox integrated e-conventional machine, directly from the engine-driven generator and the starter. Electrical energy is produced by Brake Energy Regeneration with a unique efficiency and high efficiency without impairing the drive torque of the motor.
The integrated power electronics enable unmatched compact and safe arrangement of the hybrid components. A powerful, integrated package-compliant in the luggage lithium-ion battery stores the energy generated and supplied the electrical system. Its high storage capacity enables the potential of regenerative braking system optimally. BMW Active Hybrid produces more electric power from less fuel.
With the increased electrical power available, additional vehicle functions are operated purely electrically. The Auto Start Stop function to prevent idling of the combustion engine in conjunction with Active Hybrid technology in a particularly convenient expression is available.
The BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid demonstrates the integration of BMW ActiveHybrid technology in a luxury sedan in the BMW 7 Series. All hybrid components are arranged package compliant. E-machine and power electronics – are not visible from outside – integrated into the gear housing. A specially designed hollow aluminum cargo space illustrates the compact design of the lithium-ion batteries.
The front of the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid shows the typical range for the natural presence, especially through the large, upright BMW kidney underlined. Sches specific feature of the concept vehicle is a whole over the width of the front-reaching aluminum strip below the flag carrier, the contributes as an air guide for optimizing the aerodynamics. The lower air intake is covered in the middle of Alumiumband. They are divided horizontally by the outwardly tapering foothills of Alumiumbands. At the outermost edges of the air intake vents are positioned fog lights, consisting of seven LED units.
In side view, the sporty and elegant lines of the BMW 7 Series is highlighted by 20-inch alloy wheels in V-spoke design. The rims are painted in body color. The painting of the vehicle and the rim in the color Blue Metallic Water serves as a recognition feature for particularly efficient concept cars from BMW.
At the rear of the BMW Concept 7 Series ActiveHybrid symbolize a further air guide made of aluminum and exhaust tailpipes with new contours, the innovative drive concept. Analogous to the front end extends into the rear integrated aluminum strip over the entire vehicle width. At the same time it forms the upper frame of the outlets are arranged far outboard of the exhaust system. The strikingly broad and flat contour of the outlets wins by an additional horizontal brace a appearance.http://www.themhshow.com/bmw/bmw-concept-7-series-active-hybrid.html
Hybrid Trucks
Unlike hybrid cars and SUVs, the hybrid truck has had a limited consumer response and a limited production. There are several reasons for this, but it really is a shame. Hybrid technology is designed to improve fuel economy and like SUVs, trucks don't have very good mpg. They are designed for other things, towing, drafting, carrying. In other words, they are the workhorses of the vehicle family. the people who buy trucks aren't as concerned with the fuel consumption, so much as the towing capacity for instance.
But hybrid technology can improve both fuel economy and power at the same time. The problem is the price tag. It's too easy for someone who is purchasing a truck to convince themselves the extra price for the electric motor just isn't worth it. If you're running a business, the bottom line is the bottom line. And the $4,000 extra you pay for the hybrid motor is hard to justify.
There are counterarguments, however. Along with the electric motor, you also get a large battery pack that you can run electric hardware off of. And the hybrid trucks come with plugs to make it easy. You also get higher towing capacity and more power even at low speeds.
You also get the already mentioned higher fuel economy and more power at lower speeds than you might expect. Going from 15 mpg to 20 mpg is worth more than going from 40 to 45 mpg. If your hybrid truck is being driven 12,000 miles a year, you'll be buying 200 gallons less every year. At today's gas prices (say $3.75/gallon) you'll spend $750 less a year. That means even at $4,000 extra you have to pay for the hybrid motor, you can still make that up during the life time of the car. And the more you drive, the quicker you'll make the hybrid truck pay for itself.
Unfortunately, even if you are interested, there aren't a lot of choices out there in hybrid trucks. There's the Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid and GMC Sierra Hybrid. Dodge also has the Ram Pickup Hybrid. But that's it. With so few options, it's not hard to wonder why not many are opting in. Other car makers have dabbled in the field with demonstration hybrid trucks, but no one else has followed up with it. I'm hopeful, like hybrid minivans, more will start coming out sooner rather than later. But with everything else going on right now in the automotive field, I get the feeling there's just not enough of a demand.
But hybrid technology can improve both fuel economy and power at the same time. The problem is the price tag. It's too easy for someone who is purchasing a truck to convince themselves the extra price for the electric motor just isn't worth it. If you're running a business, the bottom line is the bottom line. And the $4,000 extra you pay for the hybrid motor is hard to justify.
There are counterarguments, however. Along with the electric motor, you also get a large battery pack that you can run electric hardware off of. And the hybrid trucks come with plugs to make it easy. You also get higher towing capacity and more power even at low speeds.
You also get the already mentioned higher fuel economy and more power at lower speeds than you might expect. Going from 15 mpg to 20 mpg is worth more than going from 40 to 45 mpg. If your hybrid truck is being driven 12,000 miles a year, you'll be buying 200 gallons less every year. At today's gas prices (say $3.75/gallon) you'll spend $750 less a year. That means even at $4,000 extra you have to pay for the hybrid motor, you can still make that up during the life time of the car. And the more you drive, the quicker you'll make the hybrid truck pay for itself.
Unfortunately, even if you are interested, there aren't a lot of choices out there in hybrid trucks. There's the Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid and GMC Sierra Hybrid. Dodge also has the Ram Pickup Hybrid. But that's it. With so few options, it's not hard to wonder why not many are opting in. Other car makers have dabbled in the field with demonstration hybrid trucks, but no one else has followed up with it. I'm hopeful, like hybrid minivans, more will start coming out sooner rather than later. But with everything else going on right now in the automotive field, I get the feeling there's just not enough of a demand.
Wednesday, 27 April 2011
2012 Citroen DS5 unveiled at Auto Shanghai 2011
The wraps have come off the Citroen DS5 at Auto Shanghai 2011 to reveal a unique French beauty styled to leave its conservative German competitors in its wake.
It’s not all style and no substance with the DS5, however. Among the powertrain options will be a HYbrid4 diesel hybrid system (shared with the upcoming Peugeot 3008 HYbrid4), which will be a first for Citroen.
As in the Peugeot, the HYbrid4 system will produce 147kW of combined power – with the diesel engine powering the front wheels and an electric motor spinning the rears – and promises to emit just 99g/km CO2 in combined cycle driving conditions.
The DS5 follows the design direction of the smaller DS3 and DS4, although it is undoubtedly the most muscular and athletic of the family thanks to its assertive front end, highly stylised profile lines and chunky taillights and tailpipes.
The interior takes cabin design to a whole new level. Asymmetry and flowing bespoke lines dominate, and almost every surface and interior element appears to be finished in a different luxurious material.
In terms of functionality, the DS5 will be driver focused and incorporate a head-up display and controls mounted above the driver’s head, similar to an aircraft.
At 4520mm long and 1850mm wide, the DS5 is 300mm shorter than the standard Citroen C5 Estate but just as wide, making it significantly more compact and hatch-like.
Despite this, the boot is just 40 litres smaller than the C5 wagon, measuring in at 465 litres with the rear seats upright.
Citroen is yet to announce a launch date for the DS5, although with the Chinese show car revealed in production form, it is understood the vehicle will go on sale globally in the second quarter of 2012.
As in the Peugeot, the HYbrid4 system will produce 147kW of combined power – with the diesel engine powering the front wheels and an electric motor spinning the rears – and promises to emit just 99g/km CO2 in combined cycle driving conditions.
The interior takes cabin design to a whole new level. Asymmetry and flowing bespoke lines dominate, and almost every surface and interior element appears to be finished in a different luxurious material.
At 4520mm long and 1850mm wide, the DS5 is 300mm shorter than the standard Citroen C5 Estate but just as wide, making it significantly more compact and hatch-like.
Citroen is yet to announce a launch date for the DS5, although with the Chinese show car revealed in production form, it is understood the vehicle will go on sale globally in the second quarter of 2012.
| http://www.caradvice.com.au/115429/2012-citroen-ds5-unveiled-at-auto-shanghai-2011/ |
Audi A3 e tron concept unveiled at Auto Shanghai 2011
Audi has just unveiled the Audi A3 e tron Concept at Auto Shanghai 2011 motor show in China. The car is based on the Audi A3 sedan as opposed to previous announcements which said the car would be based on the Audi A3 Sportback.
In an unusual twist, Audi has decided to unveil the Audi A3 e tron Concept as a sedan rather than going with its original plans of showcasing the technology in an Audi A3 Sportback, as reported last week. Either way, a similar project principle still stands.
The Audi A3 e tron Concept offers a plug-in hybrid powerplant which uses the combination of a 1.4-litre turbocharged petrol engine, outputting 155kW of power, along with an electric motor unit which provides an additional 20kW. With 175kW on tap, Audi says the A3 e tron is capable of sprinting from 0-100km/h in 6.8 seconds and can go on to a top speed of 231km/h.
The beauty of the e tron Concept is the fact that it is a plug-in hybrid which can actually be driven on electric power alone. Using this mode, Audi says the car will provide an electric-only (12kWh) range of up to 54km, meaning this car could be driven to work and back, and then recharged at home, in most commuting circumstances, without ever needing to refill petrol.
Other standout highlights include the body structure and the extensive use of lightweight material. Much of the frame and body is made from carbon fibre on the e tron, with some aspects made from aluminium. This means the concept is relatively light in weight – as far as luxury plug-in hybrids go anyway – tipping the scales at 1720kg (Chevrolet Volt 1715kg).
The car also features futuristic 20 inch wheels, a minimalist interior and dashboard layout with a pop-up LCD screen, and a Lamborghini-like flat-bottom multifunction steering wheel.
In an unusual twist, Audi has decided to unveil the Audi A3 e tron Concept as a sedan rather than going with its original plans of showcasing the technology in an Audi A3 Sportback, as reported last week. Either way, a similar project principle still stands.
The Audi A3 e tron Concept offers a plug-in hybrid powerplant which uses the combination of a 1.4-litre turbocharged petrol engine, outputting 155kW of power, along with an electric motor unit which provides an additional 20kW. With 175kW on tap, Audi says the A3 e tron is capable of sprinting from 0-100km/h in 6.8 seconds and can go on to a top speed of 231km/h.
The beauty of the e tron Concept is the fact that it is a plug-in hybrid which can actually be driven on electric power alone. Using this mode, Audi says the car will provide an electric-only (12kWh) range of up to 54km, meaning this car could be driven to work and back, and then recharged at home, in most commuting circumstances, without ever needing to refill petrol.
Other standout highlights include the body structure and the extensive use of lightweight material. Much of the frame and body is made from carbon fibre on the e tron, with some aspects made from aluminium. This means the concept is relatively light in weight – as far as luxury plug-in hybrids go anyway – tipping the scales at 1720kg (Chevrolet Volt 1715kg).
The car also features futuristic 20 inch wheels, a minimalist interior and dashboard layout with a pop-up LCD screen, and a Lamborghini-like flat-bottom multifunction steering wheel.
| http://www.caradvice.com.au/115511/audi-a3-e-tron-concept-unveiled-at-auto-shanghai-2011/ |
Hybrid Cars
Honda and Toyota were the first manufacturers in the market with petrol/electric hybrid technology, but they have since been joined by others, including Ford.
In Australia, we currently have only six hybrid models to choose from: Toyota's Prius and Camry, the Honda Civic and three Lexus vehicles, including the RX400h SUV. Sales this year will exceed 5000 cars, less than 0.5 per cent of the market.
But more hybrids are coming. Even Porsche, one of the most performance oriented brands in the business, has announced a hybrid version of its Cayenne 4WD and a plug in hybrid sports car.
On the open road, the petrol engine is running more of the time. Driving on the freeway, the petrol engine shuts down on even slight downhill inclines and the vehicle runs on electric power because the load is very low. Uphill it's like being in any other car.
The Honda isn't as refined. It does the same thing, but it's very noticeable when the engine shuts down and restarts, to the point that in suburban driving you're aware of the engine's stopping and starting, which does begin to annoy you.
The other question for some people is, how long will the battery pack last? Toyota claims it has only replaced 4 Prius batteries in Australia, and two of those were in vehicles used in Cairns as taxis that had covered over 500,000 kilometres.
In Australia, we currently have only six hybrid models to choose from: Toyota's Prius and Camry, the Honda Civic and three Lexus vehicles, including the RX400h SUV. Sales this year will exceed 5000 cars, less than 0.5 per cent of the market.
But more hybrids are coming. Even Porsche, one of the most performance oriented brands in the business, has announced a hybrid version of its Cayenne 4WD and a plug in hybrid sports car.
What is hybrid technology?
Hybrid technology uses a conventional petrol engine supplemented by an electric motor and battery pack. The idea is that you can have a smaller petrol engine, offering lower fuel consumption but, when you need the additional power or torque for acceleration or hill climbing, the electric motor kicks in. By using hybrid technology, manufacturers aim to get the best of both worlds, where you can have a larger car, and get lower fuel consumption without sacrificing anything in terms of performance.Is the production of hybrid cars a reaction to rising petrol prices?
Initially, the production of hybrid cars was for environmental reasons rather than fuel costs. The first viable hybrid car - the Toyota Prius - was released in Australia in 2001, before the cost of petrol was the issue it is today. High fuel prices have certainly spurred manufacturers and buyers along.Who are the leading hybrid manufacturers at the moment?
Toyota has an edge at the moment. Honda, now in its second generation of hybrids, is improving in leaps and bounds, but Toyota has expanded the technology into the luxury car sector via Lexus. When comparing the Prius to the current Civic Hybrid, Toyota's technology is a bit more refined. Both have a similar function but the Toyota, because it's had a head-start, has a more seamless transition between the petrol and the electric motors. It is also designed to provide more electric boost than the Honda through its larger battery pack.Are hybrid vehicles a passing phase?
Most manufacturers are producing or preparing hybrid vehicles for the market so there will be many more around in future. Fuel-cell vehicles running on hydrogen are probably 15 - 20 years away.Are hybrid-powered cars' lower fuel consumption better for the environment than petrol or diesel fuelled cars?
Hybrid cars have lower fuel consumption than a vehicle with conventional engine technology and are generally more efficient around town. For example, the Prius and the Civic Hybrid will shut down at idle while you're stopped - the petrol engine stops and uses the batteries to keep the air-conditioning etc. running. As you drive off, the petrol engine restarts once you hit 15 or 20 km/h. This provides good city cycle fuel consumption figures given the size of the car.On the open road, the petrol engine is running more of the time. Driving on the freeway, the petrol engine shuts down on even slight downhill inclines and the vehicle runs on electric power because the load is very low. Uphill it's like being in any other car.
Do you see hybrid technology making significant improvements or will there be a shift away from electric-powered cars?
We won't see a shift away from hybrid cars; we'll probably just see more of them. And because they'll be more user-friendly, people will get used to them and there'll be a growing acceptance, especially when they don't look any different to conventional vehicles.When driven, does a hybrid car feel different to a petrol-fuelled car?
Currently they do. Toyota starts and drives off in electric mode, then the petrol engine cuts in. The transition is virtually seamless - the 'Hybrid Synergy Drive' system that Toyota has developed is particularly good. You'll only feel the slightest vibration.The Honda isn't as refined. It does the same thing, but it's very noticeable when the engine shuts down and restarts, to the point that in suburban driving you're aware of the engine's stopping and starting, which does begin to annoy you.
What are hybrid's disadvantages?
The biggest disadvantage is the higher purchase cost and uncertainty about the car's long term resale value. Currently, 3-4 year old Prius's are selling at around 50% of purchase price, which is not that much different to a conventional vehicle.The other question for some people is, how long will the battery pack last? Toyota claims it has only replaced 4 Prius batteries in Australia, and two of those were in vehicles used in Cairns as taxis that had covered over 500,000 kilometres.
Pung-in hybrid cars to increase ozone at night
Researchers at the University of Texas believe that the use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles will increase ozone during night-time hours while decreasing ozone during the day.
Ozone is formed as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight as they are emitted into the air. Two of the largest emitters are vehicles and electricity generating units, with some areas of the US failing to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards even after 30 years of regulation.
As such, the team looked at the air quality impacts of replacing around 20 per cent of petrol powered light duty vehicle miles travelled with electric vehicle miles travelled by the year 2018 in Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston, Austin and San Antonio. Three charging scenarios were also examined – charging the car at off-peak times during the night; charging to maximise battery life; and charging the battery when it was a convenient time for the driver.
Among the findings were that the potential air quality impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is dominated by the impact of nitrogen oxide decreases from mobile sources. The general trend is to see decreases in eight hour average ozone concentrations during daytime hours and increases during the night.
In addition, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are deemed likely to positively impact air quality with regards to attaining the eight hour ozone standard; and for all charging scenarios in San Antonio and Austin potential exposure was reduced, while the results are less clear in Dallas and Houston.
The study shows that while in most cases there is little difference in zone at nightmaximum ozone concentrations between the three charging scenarios, the convenience charging scenario is most likely to cause increases in daily ozone.http://uk.ibtimes.com/articles/20110427/plug-in-hybrid-cars-to-increase-ozone-at-night.htm
Ozone is formed as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight as they are emitted into the air. Two of the largest emitters are vehicles and electricity generating units, with some areas of the US failing to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards even after 30 years of regulation.
As such, the team looked at the air quality impacts of replacing around 20 per cent of petrol powered light duty vehicle miles travelled with electric vehicle miles travelled by the year 2018 in Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston, Austin and San Antonio. Three charging scenarios were also examined – charging the car at off-peak times during the night; charging to maximise battery life; and charging the battery when it was a convenient time for the driver.
Among the findings were that the potential air quality impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is dominated by the impact of nitrogen oxide decreases from mobile sources. The general trend is to see decreases in eight hour average ozone concentrations during daytime hours and increases during the night.
In addition, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are deemed likely to positively impact air quality with regards to attaining the eight hour ozone standard; and for all charging scenarios in San Antonio and Austin potential exposure was reduced, while the results are less clear in Dallas and Houston.
The study shows that while in most cases there is little difference in zone at nightmaximum ozone concentrations between the three charging scenarios, the convenience charging scenario is most likely to cause increases in daily ozone.http://uk.ibtimes.com/articles/20110427/plug-in-hybrid-cars-to-increase-ozone-at-night.htm
Tuesday, 26 April 2011
Ford Implements Strategies to Lower Cost of Hybrids
During the early days of hybrids, potential buyers worried about performance problems or the reliability of the battery pack. Those days are long gone, and hybrids have a proven track record of safety and reliability. Now, for Sherif Marakby, Ford's director of electrification programs and engineering, it’s all about bringing down the cost.
Fortunately, with each new generation of Ford’s hybrid system, the costs are dropping. According to Automotive News, the cost of the hybrid system in next year’s new C-Max Hybrid will be 30 percent less than the previous-generation hybrid technology in the 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid. And by the time the following generation hybrid is ready in a couple of years, Marakby believes he will have knocked it down by another 30 percent.How is Ford achieving those cost reductions?
- Ford developed its own in-house battery system that will be manufactured at the automaker's Rawsonville, Mich., plant next year. Ford developed everything for the system, from the tooling to the wiring, sensors and controls. All the components are assembled by Ford in its facility. (Battery cells come from Compact Power.)
- Ford developed its own hybrid transmission, which will be manufactured at a suburban Detroit plant.
- Ford also brought system integration and software development in-house. The software can control battery and motors, as well as the total system, to achieve maximum efficiency.
- All the parts used for hybrids and other electric-drive vehicles are made common, and software and control systems are re-used as much as possible.
This sales performance gives Ford greater confidence in achieving its estimate that as many as 25 percent of all its sales will be a hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicle by 2020
Profile of Hybrid Drivers
There’s been a lot of publicity related to celebrities who drive hybrids. The list reportedly includes Tom Hanks, Meryl Streep, Sting, Cameron Diaz, Tim Robbins and Leonardo DeCaprio. With hundreds of thousands of hybrids on the road, the legions of hybrid car drivers certainly include regular folks too. But who are they?
We’ve been tracking studies of hybrid demographics for years, and the trends are clear:
The 2007 Scarborogh Research survey, which focused on the hybrid owners within a much broader lifestyle study of 110,000 adults, sheds some light on other consumer behavior and political patterns. According to Scarborough, which has a a joint partnership with The Nielsen Company and Arbitron, Inc., hybrid owners are:
We’ve been tracking studies of hybrid demographics for years, and the trends are clear:
- Hybrid drivers have higher income, much higher than the average car buyer. In 2004, J.D. Power reported that hybrid owner incomes are $100,000 a year versus $85,000 a year for the average buyer. In a 2007 survey of 118 Prius drivers by Topline Strategy Group, 71 percent of respondents earned more than $100,000 per year. A 2007 study by Scarborough Research— approx. 1,000 hybrid drivers, not just Prius owners, gave answers—showed that 42 percent have an income of greater than $100,000.
- Hybrid drivers are a few years older than the average car buyer—closer to 50 rather than the average age of 40. J.D. Power’s 2007 review of auto industry marketing showed that only 2 percent of hybrid owners are 24 or younger; while 29 percent are between 45 and 54; and 33 percent are 55 and older. The 2007 Scarborough Research pegged the number of age 50+ hybrid drivers at 23 percent.
- California strongly outpaces all other states for new hybrid vehicle registrations. See our Hybrid Market Dashboard for information about regional hybrid registrations.
The 2007 Scarborogh Research survey, which focused on the hybrid owners within a much broader lifestyle study of 110,000 adults, sheds some light on other consumer behavior and political patterns. According to Scarborough, which has a a joint partnership with The Nielsen Company and Arbitron, Inc., hybrid owners are:
- Twice as likely to claim to go skiing, hiking, or practice yoga than non-hybrid owners.
- They consume more organic food, yogurt, and decaffeinated coffee than the general population.
- The group also indicated above-average tech savvy skills. Within the last month, 78 percent used e-mail. Nearly a third either used their mobile phone for text messaging or taking photographs, while more than a third used a digital-video recorder, satellite TV, or a video game system. Their online activities seem to favor websites that offer news and information, as well as auctions, such as Ebay.
- Politically, 14 percent called themselves Republican, 38 percent Democrat, and 34 percent identify as independent.
How Hybrids Work
Get behind the driver’s seat of a hybrid car, and start it up. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a conventional car. If you are in a Toyota or Ford hybrid (and some GM hybrids), the internal combustion engine (ICE) gets cranked up, only to shut down again once it gets warmed up. This can happen quickly, or in colder weather, might take several minutes. At this point, the electric motor is now online, while the ICE remains dormant until needed.
The Toyota or Ford hybrid will stay in this all-electric mode until about 15 mph—or if you accelerate very slowly, all the way up to about 30 mph. At low speeds, the careful driver is effectively operating an electric car, with no gas being burned, and no exhaust spewed from the tailpipe. Pretty cool. The more spirited driver will cause the ICE to kick in at lower speeds.
Unlike the Toyota and Ford hybrids, the engines in Honda’s hybrids warm up but don't shut down completely until the first deceleration to a stop. This “auto stop” mode—conventional vehicles are wasting gas and spewing emissions during idle, while the hybrid is silent and gas-free—goes away when you lift your foot off the brake pedal, shift into gear, or depress the gas pedal.
Depending on how hard you step on the gas pedal, the car’s computer will determine how much power to draw from the ICE, and how much power to pull from the car’s electric motor. The dashboard shows you exactly when the electric “assist” is working. Each time the Honda hybrid driver moves forward and them comes to stop—unless the car is warming up or the air conditioning is cranked—the ICE shuts off completely. Once again, the car becomes eerily silent (unless you are cranking the tunes).
Meanwhile, back in the Toyota and Ford hybrids, when you step on the gas pedal, you are really controlling a pedal positioning device that tells the computer how fast you want to go, and the computer is once again making a lot of decisions about when to use the gas engine, when to go electric, or when to use a combination. The computer is, in fact, sending its signals to a gearbox, known as the power split device, which connects the gas engine and electric motors through a series of gears.
The Toyota or Ford hybrid will stay in this all-electric mode until about 15 mph—or if you accelerate very slowly, all the way up to about 30 mph. At low speeds, the careful driver is effectively operating an electric car, with no gas being burned, and no exhaust spewed from the tailpipe. Pretty cool. The more spirited driver will cause the ICE to kick in at lower speeds.
Unlike the Toyota and Ford hybrids, the engines in Honda’s hybrids warm up but don't shut down completely until the first deceleration to a stop. This “auto stop” mode—conventional vehicles are wasting gas and spewing emissions during idle, while the hybrid is silent and gas-free—goes away when you lift your foot off the brake pedal, shift into gear, or depress the gas pedal.
Depending on how hard you step on the gas pedal, the car’s computer will determine how much power to draw from the ICE, and how much power to pull from the car’s electric motor. The dashboard shows you exactly when the electric “assist” is working. Each time the Honda hybrid driver moves forward and them comes to stop—unless the car is warming up or the air conditioning is cranked—the ICE shuts off completely. Once again, the car becomes eerily silent (unless you are cranking the tunes).
When an extra boost of power is needed, a hybrid can pull additional energy from the batteries. At a stop, the stored energy can keep the vehicle functioning without burning any gasoline.
Digital Driveline
For your entire ride, the computer will be calculating when to let the gasoline engine do all the work and how much of a boost it needs from the electric motor. Because of the intermittent (but powerful) assist from the electric motor, the gasoline engine can achieve basically the same performance as a conventional car even when it has a smaller, more efficient size. Why put a high-horsepower, high-consumption engine into a car, when most drivers never drag race?Meanwhile, back in the Toyota and Ford hybrids, when you step on the gas pedal, you are really controlling a pedal positioning device that tells the computer how fast you want to go, and the computer is once again making a lot of decisions about when to use the gas engine, when to go electric, or when to use a combination. The computer is, in fact, sending its signals to a gearbox, known as the power split device, which connects the gas engine and electric motors through a series of gears.
Battery Charge and Discharge
You probably understand the basics of how the gasoline engine is working, but where is the electric motor getting its juice? It’s actually drawing power from, or pumping power into, a set of nickel metal hydride batteries. The computer is performing a lot of magic by knowing when to reclaim excess energy when braking the wheels with the electric motor (which is now working like a generator). It also knows when to pass power from the battery to the electric motor for acceleration. The computer is monitoring the amount of charge in the batteries, making sure that they never charge more than 60 percent and never less than 40 percent of their capacity. In this way, automakers say, the batteries will last a couple hundred thousand miles.Wrap It All Up
Cover this technology with an aerodynamic frame and you’ve got yourself a major boost in fuel efficiency and a big-time reduction in poisonous, global-warming-causing tailpipe emissions. It’s not science fiction. It’s technology available today, in more than a dozen different sizes, shapes, and degrees of electric hybrid-ness.Four New Realities of the Green Car Market in 2011
Four New Realities of the Green Car Market in 2011
Published April 25, 2011
Sales figures from this year’s auto market are emphatic: Full-size SUVs are out and hybrids are in. Baum and Associates, a Michigan-based auto analyst firm, reports an annual jump in sales in March 2011 that is three times higher than the increase in the overall car market since one year ago.
Sales gains between March 2010 and March 2011. *Very small cars include products such as the Ford Fiesta, Nissan Versa, and Honda Fit. (Source: Baum and Associates.)
Baum identifies four major trendlines in the shift to greener vehicles.
Growth in highly fuel-efficient vehicles far outpaced the rest of the market.
In the first quarter of 2011, hybrids increased sales by 33.9 percent, while the overall market grew by 20.2 percent. In March, small cars— such as the Ford Fiesta and Honda Fit—grew at almost twice the rate of the overall market, 30 percent compared to 17 percent.Cars are back, with fuel-efficiency as the main driver.
Car sales grew a third faster than vehicles that are characterized as or look like SUVs. The growth of cars is most obvious in March as the impact of gas prices had a significant impact.Small car-like SUVs outsell Big SUVs.
Growth in the market for what some people call “SUVs” was actually driven by small, fuel-efficient crossovers. In contrast, “true” SUVs built on truck frames continued to lose market share, which now stands at less than 7 percent of the market, the same market share as the most efficient part of the market, including hybrids, clean diesels, and very small cars.Hybrids and small cars are even bigger in the used car market.
The increase in the value of a three-year-old Toyota Prius from January to April 2011 exceeds all other vehicles, making clear the demand for this model in both the new and used vehicle market. Small vehicles such as three-year-old versions of the Toyota Corolla, Chevy Cobalt, Ford Focus, Honda Civic, and Nissan Versa exhibit strong gains in value, as compared to the overall used vehicle market. The three-year-old Ford Explorer brings up the rear, and this of course refers to the previous version of the Ford Explorer, which is a traditional “truck-based” SUV.
Thursday, 21 April 2011
New York Auto Show: Green Goes Mainstream (Finally)
It used to be the Los Angeles Auto Show was considered the “green auto show.” Now with gasoline soaring towards $4 gallon gasoline, every auto show is a green showcase. At this week’s New York International Auto show, a staple of the annual car circuit, the spotlight will be not be on the latest muscle cars but instead on the hottest market segments, fuel-efficient hybrid electric vehicles and high efficiency, conventional gasoline cars that get 40 MPG or more. With no relief in sight for high gasoline prices, 2011 is shaping up to be a record breaking year for fuel-efficient cars.
As I blogged previously, the market for hybrids may be reaching a tipping point as the technology matures, spreads to more models, and gasoline prices keep rising. Last week, the 1 millionth Prius was sold in the United States.
According to Alan Baum’s forecast, the number of hybrid models (not including plug-ins) is expected to double by model year 2012 from the current 22 models to 43 models. Kevin Riddell, an auto analyst at consultant J.D. Power and Associates, sees hybrids and electric cars market share almost doubling by 2012, to 4.5% of all new vehicles purchases by 2012 from 2.4% last year. With a possible 13 million total sales this year, this could mean hybrid sales are on pace to top half a million units in 2012, vastly exceeding the 275,000 units sold in 2010.
Many of this next wave of hybrid models will use an innovative new, lower-cost design called the “Parallel 2-clutch” or “P2”. This simpler system is being introduced on new hybrids this year by Nissan (M35 Hybrid), Hyundai (Sonata Hybrid), Kia (Optima Hybrid), and Volkswagen (Touareg Hybrid) and in near future by Honda (yet unnamed midsize vehicle), BMW, Mercedes, Audi and Porsche. According to a new Society of Automotive Engineer report, the technology can lower the cost of today’s dominant design by at least a third and probably more. As I was quoted in USA Today as saying, these low-cost systems are “system[s] for the masses that’ll really push (hybrids) into the mainstream.”
Members of this exclusive but growing 40 MPG club are: 2011 Ford Fiesta SE Sedan; 2011 Ford Fiesta SE Hatchback; 2011 Chevrolet Cruze Eco; 2011 Hyundai Elantra; 2011 Smart ForTwo; 2012 Ford Focus SE Sedan; 2012 Honda Civic HF; 2012 Hyundai Accent; 2012 Hyundai Veloster; 2012 Kia Rio; 2012 Kia Rio; and 2012 Mazda 3.
Equally as important, there is now near certainty that U.S. carbon pollution and fuel economy standards will be significantly strengthened. U.S. Congress no longer has a route to block the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or California from moving forward with model year 2017 to 2025 standards this fall. President Obama also recently announced a 33% import target cut which will undoubtedly necessitate stronger fuel economy standards.
This next phase of standards could result in average fleet fuel efficiency as high as 62 mpg. It will clearly accelerate hybridization of the fleet, with perhaps over half the market by model year 2025 being hybrids, according to joint US EPA, DOT and California analysis.
Beginning this Friday, as people and press file through the New York International Auto show, they will be seeing a lot of new designs, and a lot of innovative new fuel efficient vehicles. The market has spoken and automakers are finally delivering.
This guest post was contributed by Roland Hwang, Transportation Program Director for the Natural Recource Defense Council's energy program. Based in San Francisco, he works on transportation energy and global warming issues at the state and national levels.
The Market Has Spoken, and It Wants More MPG
Rising fuel prices have primed consumer demand for fuel efficient cars. According to Michigan-based auto market expert Alan Baum, March sales of hybrids rose 46%, almost three times as fast the overall market rate of 17.2%, compared to the same month last year. The market for highly fuel efficient small cars, such as the Honda Fit, rose 30%, almost twice the average rate. The worst performing segment? Traditional, truck-based SUVs, which grew at 7.2%, less than half the rate of the market average.As I blogged previously, the market for hybrids may be reaching a tipping point as the technology matures, spreads to more models, and gasoline prices keep rising. Last week, the 1 millionth Prius was sold in the United States.
According to Alan Baum’s forecast, the number of hybrid models (not including plug-ins) is expected to double by model year 2012 from the current 22 models to 43 models. Kevin Riddell, an auto analyst at consultant J.D. Power and Associates, sees hybrids and electric cars market share almost doubling by 2012, to 4.5% of all new vehicles purchases by 2012 from 2.4% last year. With a possible 13 million total sales this year, this could mean hybrid sales are on pace to top half a million units in 2012, vastly exceeding the 275,000 units sold in 2010.
Many of this next wave of hybrid models will use an innovative new, lower-cost design called the “Parallel 2-clutch” or “P2”. This simpler system is being introduced on new hybrids this year by Nissan (M35 Hybrid), Hyundai (Sonata Hybrid), Kia (Optima Hybrid), and Volkswagen (Touareg Hybrid) and in near future by Honda (yet unnamed midsize vehicle), BMW, Mercedes, Audi and Porsche. According to a new Society of Automotive Engineer report, the technology can lower the cost of today’s dominant design by at least a third and probably more. As I was quoted in USA Today as saying, these low-cost systems are “system[s] for the masses that’ll really push (hybrids) into the mainstream.”
40 is the 30 (MPG): 11 Models Join the High Mileage Club
As reported by Automotive News, there will be 11 cars offered this calendar year that achieve at least 40 MPG on the highway. This development is nothing short of remarkable, especially after decades of resistance from automakers to building highly fuel efficient cars. These engineers have accomplished what auto lobbyists have long said couldn’t be done. As the floor of the New York auto show will show, it already has.Members of this exclusive but growing 40 MPG club are: 2011 Ford Fiesta SE Sedan; 2011 Ford Fiesta SE Hatchback; 2011 Chevrolet Cruze Eco; 2011 Hyundai Elantra; 2011 Smart ForTwo; 2012 Ford Focus SE Sedan; 2012 Honda Civic HF; 2012 Hyundai Accent; 2012 Hyundai Veloster; 2012 Kia Rio; 2012 Kia Rio; and 2012 Mazda 3.
Long Term Fundamentals Strong: High Gasoline Prices, Stronger Standards
Hybrids and high MPG cars are likely to remain hot. Last week Moody’s, the credit rating agency, upgraded their outlook on the global integrated oil and gas sectors on the basis that soaring oil prices will “remain strong well into 2012."Equally as important, there is now near certainty that U.S. carbon pollution and fuel economy standards will be significantly strengthened. U.S. Congress no longer has a route to block the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or California from moving forward with model year 2017 to 2025 standards this fall. President Obama also recently announced a 33% import target cut which will undoubtedly necessitate stronger fuel economy standards.
This next phase of standards could result in average fleet fuel efficiency as high as 62 mpg. It will clearly accelerate hybridization of the fleet, with perhaps over half the market by model year 2025 being hybrids, according to joint US EPA, DOT and California analysis.
Beginning this Friday, as people and press file through the New York International Auto show, they will be seeing a lot of new designs, and a lot of innovative new fuel efficient vehicles. The market has spoken and automakers are finally delivering.
This guest post was contributed by Roland Hwang, Transportation Program Director for the Natural Recource Defense Council's energy program. Based in San Francisco, he works on transportation energy and global warming issues at the state and national levels.
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